By Omar Sacirbey
Legal ethics panels in a few states – most recently New Mexico and Ohio – have warned local attorneys that helping medical marijuana businesses can be a violation of professional rules of conduct.
The non-binding opinions could make it tougher for MMJ businesses in those states to get legal representation.
The recent opinions caution lawyers that assisting a cannabis business can be tantamount to helping a client break federal law, given marijuana’s status as a Schedule 1 controlled substance.
While differing from opinions issued in most states, the warnings given in New Mexico and Ohio – and earlier in Connecticut – have triggered alarm bells among some lawyers and cannabis entrepreneurs.
“It’s already affected the way I do business. My New Mexico lawyers cut me off last week,” Greg Miller, the owner of X-Ray Pharms, a cannabis processor in Socorro, New Mexico, said. “What happens if I need legal representation on something as mundane as a property line dispute?”
Professional legal ethics boards in New Mexico and Ohio issued their opinions this month – although on Wednesday the Ohio Supreme Court signaled it might rewrite its ethics rules to permit attorneys to help MMJ firms.
The Connecticut Bar Association’s ethics committee opined in 2013 that counseling cannabis businesses would violate federal law and therefore the group’s ethics code.
In Maine, a professional ethics panel under the state’s Supreme Court ruled in 2010 that local lawyers assisting medical cannabis clients would be violating codes of conduct. But the panel reversed that opinion in May, and now says lawyers can assist marijuana businesses.
More states give the green light
Across the nation, Connecticut, New Mexico and Ohio are the exceptions. Ethics committees in many more states have reasoned that lawyers should be permitted to counsel marijuana businesses operating within the bounds of state law.
States that have explicitly said lawyers can provide legal assistance to a potential client include: Arizona, Colorado, Illinois, New York, and Washington State, while Nevada, Florida, and Minnesota have passed statutes or enacted policies that protect lawyers with cannabis business clients, according to the National Cannabis Bar Association.
The State Bar of Michigan’s Marijuana Law Section submitted a request in July that the Michigan Rules of Professional Conduct be revised to make clear that attorney can represent cannabis businesses.
The American Bar Association hasn’t issued any specific policies on the question, but is studying the issue.
But there’s a silver lining for MJ entrepreneurs in states where lawyers have been warned: It’s still possible to find attorneys who will represent state-licensed marijuana businesses.
“It was more of a risk for sure, but it was a risk I was willing to take,” said Christopher McCabe of McCabe Law in Portland, Maine, whose clients include cultivator caregivers, investors and real estate businesses.
He got into cannabis law about two years ago, well before the state’s professional ethics panel reversed itself. “There were times when I felt nervous and worried, but it was something I wanted to do. And if I lost my license, so be it. I was prepared to do something else.”
Becky DeKeuster, who in 2010 co-founded the Wellness Connection of Maine, which operates four of the state’s eight medical cannabis dispensaries, said her business didn’t have “too much trouble” locating a law firm.
She and her colleagues asked several firms to represent them, and put them at ease through their professionalism.
“We came to the table with an experienced team. We had an understanding of the challenges we faced, our goals, and how we were going to reach those goals,” DeKeuster said. “That showed we would be a good partner.”
Donovan Vestal, executive director of Red Barn Growers in Gallup, New Mexico – a medical marijuana cultivator – also isn’t worried that his lawyer, who’s on a retainer, will abandon him.
“Our attorney doesn’t have any issues,” Vestal said, noting that she helps occasionally with general business issues. He also made clear that she doesn’t provide advice on transactions involving cannabis.
Still hot
But the opinions have dissuaded some attorneys.
“It is causing a lot of concern among lawyers and quite frankly it should,” Tom Haren, an attorney with Ohio-based Seeley, Savidge, Ebert & Gourash, said.
“What you have is the Board of Professional Conduct flat out telling you that if you engage in certain activities when you’re representing clients you could be subject to discipline. They lay out pretty clearly the types of things that could give rise to disciplinary action,” he added.
“The problem is that these are the quintessential functions that lawyers provide to clients in every other industry. In the near term, it cuts off access to lawyers for marijuana companies. It’s distressing.”
Until things change, Haren said getting involved would be a bad idea for lawyers, and that MJ clients should have second thoughts about lawyers who ignore the opinion.
“Folks need to be very careful about working with attorneys who would disregard this opinion. That’s just too cavalier for this industry,” Haren said.
“We can’t help our clients if our licenses are in jeopardy. Our clients rely on us to have a certain sense of judgment to keep them out of trouble. How can our clients rely on us to protect them if we can’t protect ourselves?”
For his part, McCabe in Maine said that while he welcomed the rule relaxation in his state, he won’t be completely comfortable representing business clients until marijuana becomes legalized at the federal level.
“Until it’s completely descheduled, I’m going to be feeling hot,” McCabe said.
Omar Sacirbey can be reached at omars@mjbizdaily.com